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        <h1>Docker容器学习进阶(六)使用网络</h1>
    


            </div>
            <time class="red-link-context" datetime="2018-07-27T06:36:23.026Z"><a href="/2018/07/27/Docker容器学习进阶(六)使用网络/">2018-07-27</a></time>

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            <div class="toc red-link-context hide-on-med-and-down">
    <ol class="section table-of-contents"><li class="section table-of-contents-item section table-of-contents-level-1"><a class="section table-of-contents-link" href="#Docker容器学习进阶-六-使用网络"><span class="section table-of-contents-text">Docker容器学习进阶(六)使用网络</span></a><ol class="section table-of-contents-child"><li class="section table-of-contents-item section table-of-contents-level-2"><a class="section table-of-contents-link" href="#外部访问容器"><span class="section table-of-contents-text">外部访问容器</span></a></li><li class="section table-of-contents-item section table-of-contents-level-2"><a class="section table-of-contents-link" href="#容器互联"><span class="section table-of-contents-text">容器互联</span></a></li><li class="section table-of-contents-item section table-of-contents-level-2"><a class="section table-of-contents-link" href="#配置DNS"><span class="section table-of-contents-text">配置DNS</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
</div>


            <div class="entry red-link-context">
                <h1 id="Docker容器学习进阶-六-使用网络"><a href="#Docker容器学习进阶-六-使用网络" class="headerlink" title="Docker容器学习进阶(六)使用网络"></a>Docker容器学习进阶(六)使用网络</h1><p>在前面几篇文章中里面涉及到了网络使用，可能大家没有仔细关注，这篇对网络设置进行一个初级说明，高级的网络设置博主也还没有玩明白，正在攻克和实验中。本篇仅仅是讲解常规网络使用、容器互联、配置DNS。高级的网络设置等待博主补文吧，涉及到控制访问、网桥等内容。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="外部访问容器"><a href="#外部访问容器" class="headerlink" title="外部访问容器"></a>外部访问容器</h2><p>容器运行一些应用可以让外包访问，比如前几篇使用的nginx、python等。具体是使用<code>-p</code>或者<code>-P</code>参数来进行端口隐射，两者区别如下：</p>
<ul>
<li><p><code>-P</code> 是Docker会随机分配一个端口与内部网络进行映射</p>
</li>
<li><p><code>-p</code>是指定端口与容器内端口进行映射绑定</p>
<p>比如现在执行<code>docker container ls</code>查看正在运行的容器，可以看到端口的映射。第一个容器是使用<code>-P</code>启动的容器，第二个nginx是使用<code>-p</code>进行指定端口绑定的容器</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@vultr ~]# docker container ls</div><div class="line">CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                     NAMES</div><div class="line">69cfe856b3e0        training/webapp     &quot;python app.py&quot;          19 hours ago        Up 19 hours         0.0.0.0:32769-&gt;5000/tcp   web</div><div class="line">a7ae60ca290c        nginx:v1            &quot;nginx -g &apos;daemon of…&quot;   45 hours ago        Up 45 hours         0.0.0.0:80-&gt;80/tcp        mynginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<p>我们可以映射一个特定地址比如使用 <code>docker run -d -p 127.0.0.1:5000:5000 training/webapp python app.py</code> </p>
<p>如果需要随机分配一个端口使用<code>docker run -d -p 127.0.0.1::5000 training/webapp python app.py</code></p>
<p>看已经运行的容器默认端口都是<code>/tcp</code> 可以指定为<code>/upd</code>,<code>docker run -d -p 127.0.0.1:5000:5000/udp training/webapp python app.py</code></p>
<p>可以查看容器的端口映射情况：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@vultr ~]# docker port web 5000</div><div class="line">0.0.0.0:32769</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>使用<code>-p</code>可以多次使用指定端口映射端口<code>docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -p 81:80 training/webapp python app.py</code></p>
<h2 id="容器互联"><a href="#容器互联" class="headerlink" title="容器互联"></a>容器互联</h2><p>是多个容器互联，建议加入自定义的Docker网络。</p>
<ul>
<li><p>新建网络</p>
<p><code>docker network create -d bridge docker-net</code></p>
<blockquote>
<p>命令讲解 docker network 固定写法  create 表示创建  -d 创建的网络类型,网络类型包含 bridge/overlay  后面的 docker-net 是自定义的网络名字</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li><p>查看网络</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[root@vultr ~]# docker network ls</div><div class="line">NETWORK ID          NAME                DRIVER              SCOPE</div><div class="line">bc77b9ead40d        bridge              bridge              local</div><div class="line">878452bf0c95        docker-net          bridge              local</div><div class="line">43997b197838        host                host                local</div><div class="line">58373fcfccf0        none                null                local</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><p>连接容器</p>
<p>新建两个容器nginx1,nginx2，并链接到新建的  <code>docker-net</code>网络中.</p>
<p><code>docker run --name nginx1 --network docker-net -d -P nginx:v1</code></p>
<p><code>docker run --name nginx2 --network docker-net -d -P nginx:v1</code></p>
<p>进入nginx1中 ping nginx2</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">root@f4d7ede168cc:/# ping nginx2</div><div class="line">PING nginx2 (172.18.0.3): 56 data bytes</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.145 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.097 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.098 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.092 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.096 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.168 ms</div><div class="line">64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms</div><div class="line">^C--- nginx2 ping statistics ---</div><div class="line">8 packets transmitted, 8 packets received, 0% packet loss</div><div class="line">round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.092/0.113/0.168/0.026 ms</div><div class="line">root@f4d7ede168cc:/#</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>使用<strong>Docker Compose</strong></p>
<p>如果有多个容器之间需要互相连接，推荐使用<strong>Docker Compose</strong>，这个会在高级中讲解。Docker三剑客之一</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="配置DNS"><a href="#配置DNS" class="headerlink" title="配置DNS"></a>配置DNS</h2><p>更新容器的DNS容器的DNS会自动更新，原因是容器内使用虚拟文件挂载宿主的/etc/resolv.conf文件。在容器中使用<code>mount</code></p>
<p>如果只想配置容器的DNS，可以在/etc/docker/daemon.json中增加以下内容进行配置</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&#123;</div><div class="line"><span class="attr">"dns"</span> : [</div><div class="line"><span class="string">"114.114.114.114"</span>,</div><div class="line"><span class="string">"8.8.8.8"</span></div><div class="line">]</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

                
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            // 给图片加上点击放大效果（materialbox插件）
            $imgs.addClass('materialboxed').each(function(i, el) {
                $(this).attr('data-caption', $(this).attr('alt') || ' ');
            }).materialbox();

            // 优化表格的显示
            $('table').each(function() {
                var $table = $(this);
                // 除去多行代码的情况
                if ($table.find('pre').length == 0) {
                    $table.addClass('responsive-table striped bordered');
                }
            });

            // 首页幻灯片
            $('.slider').slider({indicators: true, full_width: true, interval: 8000});

            $(".button-collapse").sideNav();
            $(".category-menu").sideNav();

            // 针对gallery post
            $('.carousel').carousel({full_width: true});
            $('.carousel-control.prev').click(function() {
                $('.carousel').carousel('prev');
            });
            $('.carousel-control.next').click(function() {
                $('.carousel').carousel('next');
            });

            // 文章目录
            $('article').not('.simple-article').find('h1').add('h2').add('h3').add('h4').add('h5').add('h6').scrollSpy();

            // 目录随屏幕滚动（防止目录过长越过footer）
            var $toc = $('.toc');
            var scrollTargetTop = 0;
            $(window).scroll(function() {
                var $activeLink = $toc.find('a.active.section');
                if ($(window).scrollTop() < 100) {
                    scrollTargetTop = 0;
                } else {
                    if ($activeLink[0]) {
                        scrollTargetTop = $activeLink.offset().top - $toc.offset().top;
                    }
                }
                $toc.css('top', '-' + scrollTargetTop + 'px');
            });

            // 修正文章目录的left-border颜色
            var color = $('.table-of-contents-text').css('color');
            $('.table-of-contents-link').css('border-left-color', color);

            // 针对移动端做的优化：FAB按钮点击一下收回
            if (/Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Opera Mini/i.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
                $('.fixed-action-btn').addClass('click-to-toggle');
            }
            // 回到顶部
            $('.btn-return-top').click(function() {
                $('body, html').animate({
                    scrollTop: 0
                }, 500);
            });

            // 重置读书页面的Tab标签页的颜色
            $('li.tab a').hover(function() {
                $(this).toggleClass('text-lighten-4');
            });
            $('.indicator').addClass('red lighten-2');

            
            // 添加new标签
            $('.menu-about').append('<span class="new badge red"></span>');
            

            // 搜索功能
            $('.modal-trigger').leanModal({
                // 打开搜索框时自动聚焦
                ready: function() {
                    if ($('#search').is(":visible")) {
                        $('#search-input').focus();
                    }
                }
            });
            var searchXml = "search.xml";
            if (searchXml.length == 0) {
             	searchXml = "search.xml";
            }
            var searchPath = "/" + searchXml;
            initSearch(searchPath, 'search-input', 'search-result');
        });

        // 初始化搜索与匹配函数
        var initSearch = function(path, search_id, content_id) {
            'use strict';
            $.ajax({
                url: path,
                dataType: "xml",
                success: function(xmlResponse) {
                    // get the contents from search data
                    var datas = $("entry", xmlResponse).map(function() {
                        return {
                            title: $("title", this).text(),
                            content: $("content", this).text(),
                            url: $("url", this).text()
                        };
                    }).get();
                    var $input = document.getElementById(search_id);
                    var $resultContent = document.getElementById(content_id);
                    $input.addEventListener('input', function() {
                        var str = '<ul class=\"search-result-list\">';
                        var keywords = this.value.trim().toLowerCase().split(/[\s\-]+/);
                        $resultContent.innerHTML = "";
                        if (this.value.trim().length <= 0) {
                            return;
                        }
                        // perform local searching
                        datas.forEach(function(data) {
                            var isMatch = true;
                            var content_index = [];
                            var data_title = data.title.trim().toLowerCase();
                            var data_content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g, "").toLowerCase();
                            var data_url = data.url;
                            var index_title = -1;
                            var index_content = -1;
                            var first_occur = -1;
                            // only match artiles with not empty titles and contents
                            if (data_title != '' && data_content != '') {
                                keywords.forEach(function(keyword, i) {
                                    index_title = data_title.indexOf(keyword);
                                    index_content = data_content.indexOf(keyword);
                                    if (index_title < 0 && index_content < 0) {
                                        isMatch = false;
                                    } else {
                                        if (index_content < 0) {
                                            index_content = 0;
                                        }
                                        if (i == 0) {
                                            first_occur = index_content;
                                        }
                                    }
                                });
                            }
                            // show search results
                            if (isMatch) {
                                keywords.forEach(function(keyword) {
                                    var regS = new RegExp(keyword, "gi");
                                    data_title = data_title.replace(regS, "<span class=\"search-keyword red lighten-2\">" + keyword + "</span>");
                                });

                                str += "<li><a href='" + data_url + "' class='search-result-title'>" + data_title + "</a>";
                                var content = data.content.trim().replace(/<[^>]+>/g, "");
                                if (first_occur >= 0) {
                                    // cut out 100 characters
                                    var start = first_occur - 20;
                                    var end = first_occur + 80;
                                    if (start < 0) {
                                        start = 0;
                                    }
                                    if (start == 0) {
                                        end = 100;
                                    }
                                    if (end > content.length) {
                                        end = content.length;
                                    }
                                    var match_content = content.substring(start, end);
                                    // highlight all keywords
                                    keywords.forEach(function(keyword) {
                                        var regS = new RegExp(keyword, "gi");
                                        match_content = match_content.replace(regS, "<span class=\"search-keyword red lighten-2\">" + keyword + "</span>");
                                    });

                                    str += "<p class=\"search-result\">..." + match_content + "...</p>"
                                }
                                str += "</li>";
                            }
                        });
                        str += "</ul>";
                        $resultContent.innerHTML = str;
                    });
                }
            });
        }
    })(jQuery);
</script>


<script src="/js/prettify.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function() {
        $("pre").addClass("prettyprint");
        prettyPrint();
    });
</script>








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